UTILIZATION OVER QUBITS: RYDBERG REGISTERS IN PHYSICS WORLD MODELS

In hybrid classical–quantum models, how many qubits are available matters less than how well they are used. We attach an input-dependent Rydberg-atom co-processor, QUOTA, to world models on ten industry benchmarks (fusion, geothermal, fluid flow and vehicle routing; mostly released state-of-the-art models), under pre-registered rules. With the same 30 qubits, it cuts error by up to 36%, against 7% for the standard design that averages features before the qubits see them. With the classical model fixed, error falls steadily as the budget grows from 0 to 50 qubits, by 13% on shear flow and 6% on convection, following a closed-form hybrid scaling law whose 50-qubit prediction, registered before the runs, held on every seed. The gains come from allocating by signal type: the error of each prediction is split into frequency bands (Fourier octaves and wavelet tiles), the smooth, predictable (analog) bands go to the qubits, the rest (digital) stays with the classical network, and the atom positions, detunings and tethers between atom groups are set anew for every input. Most of this configuration maps onto current neutral-atom processors such as Pasqal's, one device program per input, once the detunings are re-encoded to fit the device's local addressing. For a fixed classical model, the hybrid scaling law reads $G(K)=\eta U_{\infty }[1-(1+K/K_0{)}^{1-a}]$, the share of error energy removed by $K$ qubits, where $U_{\infty }$ is the share the qubits can reach, $\eta$ how well they use it and $a\approx 2$; it tells how many qubits a task can put to use.