JUMP: Efficient Membership Inference on Fine-Tuned Diffusion Language Models

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) test whether a candidate example was used to train a language model. Existing attacks on fine-tuned discrete diffusion language models (dLLMs) often aggregate reconstruction signals across many mask configurations, requiring repeated model evaluations. We propose Joint Uncertainty Guided Mask Probing (JUMP), an efficient MIA that exploits the ability of dLLMs to predict masked tokens in parallel. Using the pre-fine-tuning checkpoint as a reference, JUMP selects low-confidence positions, masks them jointly, and aggregates clipped target–reference reconstruction gaps. This focuses the attack on positions that reveal stronger membership signals from fine-tuning. After mask selection, all selected tokens are evaluated with one scoring query per model. Across six MIMIR domains, JUMP improves mean ROC-AUC over a prior multi-mask attack from 0.819 to 0.902 on LLaDA and from 0.851 to 0.942 on Dream. Including mask selection, it requires only three forward passes per example, compared with 32 for the baseline. We further extend JUMP to the target-only setting by replacing target–reference scoring with relative token preference, which compares the observed token with alternative predictions at the same masked position. Target-Only JUMP achieves mean ROC-AUCs of 0.609 and 0.638 on LLaDA and Dream.