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Preprint in the OpenAI Math release

The Gaussian free field limit of integer Lipschitz heights with two-arc boundary data

OpenAI

Abstract

We prove that the centered uniform odd integer height function on triangular-lattice approximations of a smooth simply connected domain, with neighboring differences zero or two and boundary values +1 and −1 on two arcs, converges to a universal multiple of the Dirichlet Gaussian free field. This resolves the field part of Schramm's Problem 2.2. We give an absolutely convergent finite-volume formula for the normalization. The proof combines reflection positivity, a spectral sum rule, and boundary comparison with Gaussian moment identities.

open until 1 Jan 2028

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