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Preprint in the OpenAI Math release

Simulating One-Tape Time in Two-Fifths-Power Space

OpenAI

Abstract

We show that a fixed deterministic Turing machine with one writable tape and head can be simulated in work-space bits when a binary time cap T ≥ 2 is supplied. The simulator computes the finite-control and halting outcome by time T; its running time is unrestricted. The result allows a fixed number of read-only input heads and requires a fixed accessor that supplies every initial writable and read-only symbol within distance T of the relevant head origin in polylogarithmic space. This improves the square-root space exponent for one-tape machines, answering Williams's question for this model.

open until 1 Jan 2028

est. 50% chance this result is independently verified by the end of 2027.

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