MMGraph-Agent: Agentic Multimodal RAG via Cache-Inspired Multimodal Knowledge HyperGraphs

Driven by increasingly complex real-world applications, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has evolved from textual pipelines to multimodal settings, comprising two complementary dimensions: knowledge organization and retrieval enhancement. However, existing methods still face challenges in high construction cost, context window limitations, and the lack of unified training across offline and online knowledge sources. To address these challenges, we propose MMGraph-Agent, a unified multimodal RAG framework based on cache-inspired multimodal knowledge hypergraphs. MMGraph-Agent enables extremely lightweight hypergraph construction with zero API overhead and dynamic memory-based retrieval that alleviates long-context issues. Experiments across offline, online, and joint retrieval settings demonstrate consistent improvements in performance, efficiency, and architectural unification. Our software and data are publicly available.