MOMO: Human Motion from Moving Sounds

Human responses to sound depend not only on its semantic content, but also on the evolving spatial relationship between source and listener, conveyed through spatial audio and its temporal dynamics. Modeling human reactions to such dynamic spatial audio is important for character animation, human behavior analysis, and robotics. As of yet, existing audio-driven motion generation methods primarily focus on non-spatial or static acoustic conditions, leaving this important problem largely underexplored. To bridge this gap, we formulate the novel task of dynamic spatial-audio-driven human motion generation and introduce two motion-captured datasets. We introduce the Dynamic Spatial Audio and Motion dataset (DySAM) as the first dataset and benchmark for this task, providing synchronized binaural audio, 3D human motions, and moving sound source trajectories. Recognizing the importance of dynamic spatial cues of sound sources for this task, we further provide the Dynamic Spatial Audio Localization dataset (DySAL), an auxiliary binaural localization dataset that pairs diverse acoustic events with listener head poses and moving source trajectories to support spatial audio perception. For benchmarking, we propose MOMO for human Motion generation from Moving Sounds, a diffusion-based framework guided by three coupled principles: localization, understanding, and generation. MOMO performs localization by estimating head-centric spatial direction cues of the moving sound source directly from raw binaural audio, avoiding reliance on ground-truth source coordinates. It performs understanding by extracting frame-wise audio-content representations, and performs generation by conditioning motion diffusion on both semantic audio features and dynamic spatial cues. Moreover, MOMO incorporates frame-wise motion correction during denoising, enabling temporally adaptive motion synthesis under evolving audio-spatial cues. Experiments show that MOMO outperforms existing baselines in motion fidelity, audio-motion alignment, and physical plausibility, demonstrating the potential of dynamic spatial audio for embodied motion generation.